11 best practices for communicating with someone who has mild cognitive impairment

When communicating with someone who has mild cognitive impairment (MCI), keep these things in mind:

• Speak clearly and simply. Use short sentences and familiar words.

• Give them time to respond. Avoid rushing them or finishing their sentences.

• Limit distractions. Choose a quiet, well-lit environment for important conversations.

• Give one instruction or question at a time. Too much information at once can be overwhelming.

• Repeat or rephrase when necessary without sounding frustrated or impatient.

• Use reminders and written information. Notes, calendars, lists, or text messages can help with memory.

• Ask open-ended questions when appropriate, but use yes/no or specific choices if they are having difficulty finding an answer.

• Maintain eye contact and listen attentively.

• Don’t assume they don’t understand. MCI can affect memory and thinking while many abilities remain intact.

• Be respectful and patient. Avoid talking down to them or discussing them as though they aren’t present.

• Encourage independence. Offer assistance when needed, but allow them to do things for themselves whenever possible.

The key is to slow down, be patient, reduce distractions, and preserve the person’s dignity and independence.